Сравнительный анализ клеточных технологий, применяемых в вертебрологии
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52889/1684-9280-2026-77-1-jto038Ключевые слова:
аспират костного мозг, грудной и поясничный отделы позвоночника, клеточные технологий, костный морфогенетический белок, мезенхимальные стволовые клетки, спондилодез, стромально-васкулярная фракцияАннотация
Спондилодез является одним из наиболее распространенных методов лечения повреждений позвоночника, однако, несмотря на совершенствование имплантационных конструкций, частота псевдоартроза остается высокой. В связи с этим возрастает интерес к клеточным технологиям, направленным на усиление остеогенеза. Поиск литературы проводился в базах данных PubMed, Web of Science и Google Scholar за период 2016–2025 гг. В анализ включались клинические исследования, систематические обзоры и метаанализы, посвященные применению клеточных технологий при спондилодезе грудного и поясничного отделов позвоночника. В обзоре рассмотрено применение мезенхимальных стромальных клеток, аспирата костного мозга, стромально-васкулярной фракции, костных морфогенетических белков, биоактивных пептидов и аутологичных факторов роста. Анализ литературы показывает, что применение клеточных технологий способствует усилению регенеративных процессов при костном сращении позвоночника и улучшению клинических результатов лечения. Клеточные технологии представляют перспективное направление повышения эффективности костного сращения позвоночника. Дальнейшие исследования должны быть направлены на стандартизацию протоколов применения и изучение долгосрочных результатов лечения.
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